Arch Linux

Can confirm, 4.11.2 seems to break Xorg. Switching to tty and downgrading linux, linux-headers and linux-firmware (see Edit) fixed it for now.

Edit: linux-firmware works, no need to downgrade.

Add the kernel parameter https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Kernel_parameters earlyprintk=vga for bios booting systems or earlyprintk=efi and remove the quiet parameter if present.
Also try installing linux-lts in parallel with the linux package. Might also be easier to start a forum thread about the issue.
This issue will probably have to be fixed upstream unless it can be proven packaging or integration is the cause.
Edit:
Jasper Ben only X failing to start seems a different issue to me.

@ loqs Not sure. At least for me it appears to be freezing at "loading initial memory image" but actually xorg is in a "startup loop". Maybe @artcsch can clear this up by trying to switch to tty after startup?

I'm facing the same issue.

@artcsch A workaround is to boot the kernel with acpi=off.

The same issue for syslinux

@Patron
If the system is booting using efi see if it is this issue https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=226520 if it is please consider helping on the upstream bug report linked in that thread.
If the system is booting using bios see https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=226531 there is no known upstream report or enough diagnostics such as git bisect to file one.

I've to report, that the behaviour persists with 4.11.3.

Patch for systems booting in bios mode with one confirmation of success https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=1714890#p1714890
Patch is based upon https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip.git/commit/?id=7425826f4f7ac60f2538b06a7f0a5d1006405159 rebased against 4.11 series
Edit:
New patch based which should fix the issues for both bios and efi booting systems
Patch based upon https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/efi/efi.git/commit/?id=0a97e704d93fe4facf2bffe3c78095b9d441df42 rebased against 4.11 series
Edit2:
4.11.5 contains fix for bios booting systems efi booting systems need a new patch
New patched rebased against 4.11.5

Should be fixed in 4.11.5-1

@tpowa only on bios booting systems the backport of https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?&id=792ef14df5c585c19b2831673a077504a09e5203
is needed for the same issue on efi booting systems (I refer to it as the same issue as it was introduced by the same commit)
Edit:
Now in stable-queue https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/stable-queue.git/tree/queue-4.11/efi-fix-boot-panic-because-of-invalid-bgrt-image-address.patch

@tpowa I can confirm that linux-4.11.6 from testing fixes the issue with EFI boot on my system.